Health promotion

1. A five-year-old patient is hospitalized for pneumonia. He is asthmatic and has several allergies: cat saliva, horses, penicillin, nuts and kiwis. He enjoys playing video games and spends lots of time watching television. He is slightly overweight and does little exercise. He is also prone to respiratory infections and gets eight to ten colds a year that often require antibiotics. The LPN observes that the patient has dry lips and a pale complexion. He is set to be released from the hospital tomorrow. He no longer has a fever, and his sputum is clear. The LPN informs the patient’s parents about the benefits of physical activity. Given the patient’s condition, what information concerning physical activity should the LPN provide to the parents? *
2. A client arrives at a CLSC because she is worried. She has pregnancy diabetes and is unable to lose the excess weight caused by her pregnancy. The patient’s father has had type 2 diabetes for several years, which she knows increase her risk of becoming diabetic. The LPN provides some information about the benefits of eating fruits, nuts, whole grains and legumes. What information should be provided to the client regarding her condition? *
3. A 41-year-old mother of three teenagers is hospitalized after falling on the ice. The physician wants to assess the risk of osteoporosis. The woman measures 1m57, and weighs 52kg with a BMI of 21. She is a non-smoker, takes anovulants, consumes alcohol every week, drinks four coffees a day, and does not exercise regularly. The LPN gives her some information on ways to reduce coffee intake. What information should be provided to the patient regarding her condition? *
4. A 56-year-old woman is hospitalized in the medical unit. She has type 2 diabetes and a history of hypothyroidism and hypercholesterolemia. She lost 10 kg in one month. She often experiences hypoglycaemia in the morning and hyperglycemia at the end of the day. He is always thirsty, and her vision is sometimes blurred. The physician prescribes the following blood tests: TSH, Urea, Creatinine, Glucose, liver function, Glycated hemoglobin Given the patient’s conditions, what purpose does the HbA1c test serve? *
5. A 48-year-old man is admitted to the emergency unit for retrosternal chest pain. During the four months prior to his hospitalization, the patient had chest pains that would radiate to the neck and jaw upon effort, yet disappear when the patient ceased activity or relaxed. The patient receives an IV infusion of 0.9% NaCl, 1000ml at 30ml/hr,
and an O2 supply 2L/min by nasal cannula. The doctor prescribes routine blood tests, as well troponin and ECG tests STAT. Given the patient’s condition, what purpose does the troponin test serve? *
6. A 38-year-old woman is hospitalized in the gynaecological unit for severe menorrhagia. She is also very tired and has difficulty concentrating. For a few weeks, she has noticed that she is losing her hair and her skin is often dry. Even though her appetite is diminishing, she has put on 5kg in a month. The doctor prescribes the following blood tests: Hb-HT, Serum iron, TSH. Given the patient’s condition, what purpose does the TSH serve? *
7. A 52-year-old patient is hospitalized in the cardihematology unit. When he walks continuously for more than ten minutes, he feels pain and cramps in his right calf that become increasingly intense and cease upon rest. Although the patient’s neurovascular signs are normal, the popliteal, pedis, and posterior tibial of his right leg are distinctly lower than those of his left leg. The patient also has poor hair growth on his right leg. The physician has prescribed a femoral arteriogram of the right leg. Given the patient’s condition, what purpose will the arteriogram serve? *
8. A 71-year-old patient is hospitalized following a left hip fracture. She was operated three days ago for a left hip nailing procedure. She has begun physiotherapy but she is still suffering. The patient is worried and wonders if she has any other fractures or even bone cancer. She regularly takes painkillers every four hours. The physician has prescribed an osteodensitometry that will be performed in 2 months. Given the patient’s condition, what purpose will the osteodensitometry serve? *
9. A 55-year-old woman has perniscious anemia. She has been a vegetarian for ten years, and her BMI is 20. She walks for 30 minutes, three times a week. Before the patient is discharged, the LPN provides dietary recommendations about vitamin B12 to help promote her condition. What recommendation should be given before the patient returns home? *
10. A 41-year-old patient has just been discharged from the hospital. He recently suffered a TIA and was hospitalized for three days to undergo several exams following two episodes of lipothymia at his home. The patient is a postal worker and walks five to six hours a day. He eats breakfast every morning and has several snacks before noon. He also has a heavy meal in the evening and often nibbles on various “munchies” (nuts, chips, etc.) while watching TV at night. He drinks two large bottles of water and four to five soft drinks a day. The physician recommends that the patient lose weight because his waist circumference is 95.5 cm. Which of the following recommendations is appropriate to this situation? *
11. A 58-year-old patient has just been discharged from the hospital. She is diabetic and has been taking oral hypoglycemic drugs since the age of 40. She has been blind for five years and lives alone in a big home. During her stay in the hospital, she contracted a urinary tract infection, which means she has to take antibiotic tablets for another seven days. The patient says she has a weak stomach and easily gets heartburn and diarrhea, which she fears will happen form taking the antibiotic. The LPN gives her some recommendations before she leaves on how to lessen the side effects of the antibiotic. Which of the following recommendations should be given to the patient returning home? *
12. A 48-year-old patient will leave the hospital today with a prescription from the cardiologist for an anticoagulant (warfarin). His heart rhythm is in atrial fibrillation. The patient’s wife is present and both are nervous about him taking anticoagulants. The couple owns a restaurant and often work more than 60 hours a week. They regularly eat a heavy meal late at night accompanied by a bottle of wine since they say it’s their best meal of the day. To have more energy, the take over-the-counter health products. The patient also sometimes takes NSAIDs (ibuprofen) whenever he has a headache. The LPN recommends certain precautions to follow when taking an anticoagulant. Which of the following recommendations is appropriate to this situation? *
13. A 54-year-old patient will leave the hospital in the afternoon. He suffered a myocardial infarction a week ago, which left him with mild heart failure. He underwent a coronary angiography with arthroplasty and had three coronary stents installed in his coronary arteries. Before the patient leaves, the LPN makes a few recommendations to avoid complications. Which of the following recommendations should be given to the patient returning home? *
14. A 10-year-old patient has just been discharged from the hospital. He underwent an operation to reduce a double fracture of the right radius and ulna. He has a long plaster cast on his arm, which goes from the upper part of the armpit fold to the palmar fold. The elbow is immobilized at a right angle. The patient has an intellectual disability and does not understand the instructions given to him. He is preparing to leave the hospital with his parents, and the LPN gives them recommendations regarding the cast.
Which of the following recommendations should be given to the patient returning home? *