Urinary System

1. A 54-year-old patient has undergone TURP due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). During the postoperative period, the patient wears a urinary catheter. His bladder is continuously irrigated. The LPN ensures that the patient fully understands how the PCA pump works and that he’s able to use it. Identify the appropriate intervention for this postoperative care situation. *
2. A patient has a kidney stone for the first time, measuring 2 mm according to the renal ultrasound. The physician immediately prescribes narcotic analgesic STAT to reduce the pain and help the patient expel the stone naturally. Given the patient’s condition, which of the following interventions should be done? *
3. Mr. Roger Létourneau, 71, is admitted with acute kidney injury after dehydration from gastroenteritis. He appears weak, with dry mucous membranes. His urine output has dropped to 20 mL over the last hour. The LPN notes that his IV fluids are running as prescribed and his blood pressure is 96/58 mmHg. Orders: monitor I&O closely, daily weights, assess for signs of overload. What is the LPN’s priority assessment? *
4. Mrs. Claire Demers, 63, has stage 4 CKD and reports feeling tired, itchy, and swollen in her ankles. Lab results: elevated creatinine, high potassium, low calcium. She admits she “loves bananas and potatoes” and eats them daily. Orders: renal diet teaching, monitor edema, assess energy level. Which dietary instruction is essential? *
5. Mrs. Gisèle Tremblay, 82, presents with confusion, restlessness, and new-onset incontinence. Her daughter reports she has not been eating well and “seems off.” She denies dysuria. Vitals stable except for a low-grade fever. Orders: urine sample, hydration, fall precautions. What early sign of UTI is common in older adults? *
6. Mr. Bernard Fortin, 67, underwent a TURP for BPH yesterday. He has a 3-way Foley catheter with continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). The LPN notices the drainage bag filling with light pink fluid, but the patient complains of “bladder pressure” and attempts to void around the catheter. What should the LPN do first? *
7. Mr. Marc-André Plourde, 59, returns from dialysis feeling dizzy and weak. His BP is 92/54 mmHg. He says he “feels washed out.” The LPN notes his fistula site is clean with a present thrill. Which intervention is appropriate? *
8. Mr. Jonathan Massicotte, 34, arrives doubled over in pain radiating from his back to his groin. He is pale, sweating, and restless. He says, “This pain comes in waves—I can’t stand it.” Orders: strain urine, administer analgesics, encourage fluids. Which LPN action supports diagnosis? *
9. Mrs. Élise Boucher, 48, is one week post–kidney transplant. She is on immunosuppressants and reports feeling “a bit chilled.” Her temperature is 37.8°C, and her surgical incision looks slightly red at the edges. Orders: monitor vitals, educate on infection signs, ensure medication adherence. Which finding is MOST concerning? *
10. Ms. Lydia Caron, 28, has flank pain, fever, and cloudy urine with a strong odor. She is nauseated and has been drinking very little. Her urine output is minimal. Orders: IV antibiotics, encourage fluids, monitor temperature. What instruction is most important? *
11. Mr. David Lapierre, 52, is 10 hours post-hernia repair. He reports pressure in his lower abdomen and an urge to urinate but cannot void. His bladder is visibly distended. Orders: bladder scan, assist to bathroom, monitor output. Which action is most appropriate? *
12. Little Samuel Gendron, 7 years old, is hospitalized with worsening edema around his eyes and legs. His mother says he has been “puffy” for weeks. Lab results show proteinuria and low albumin. Orders: monitor daily weights, low-sodium diet, assess edema. Which assessment best reflects fluid status? *
13. Mrs. Huguette Bilodeau, 61, performs peritoneal dialysis at home and is admitted for abdominal discomfort. The LPN notes cloudy effluent during drainage. She appears tired and slightly febrile. What does cloudy effluent indicate? *
14. Mr. Bruno Desbiens, 70, reports frequent nighttime urination, weak urine stream, and feeling that his bladder does not empty completely. He denies pain but is frustrated by constant trips to the washroom. Orders include a bladder scan and urine analysis. These symptoms are consistent with: *
15. Mr. Alain Durocher, 64, has CKD and arrives with muscle weakness and irregular heartbeat. Labs show potassium at 6.2 mmol/L. The LPN prepares the cardiac monitor and notifies the RN. Which complication is life-threatening? *
16. Ms. Mélina Ouellet, 36, has a Foley catheter after pelvic surgery. She asks whether she can place the drainage bag on her bed “to keep it out of the way.” The LPN assesses the tubing and bag, currently dangling near the floor. What is the correct teaching? *
17. Mr. Philippe Tardif, 46, arrives after noticing bright red urine. He denies pain but recently began vigorous exercise. Vitals are stable. Orders: urine specimen, hydration, and monitoring. Which question is most important? *
18. Mrs. Julie Perreault, 50, has been vomiting for 3 days and is dizzy on standing. Her urine is dark and scant. BP is 98/62. The LPN starts hydration per orders and monitors output. What is the priority indicator of improvement? *
19. Mr. Karim Hassan, 58, has an AV fistula in his left arm and asks the LPN to “check his blood pressure quickly on that arm.” He is unaware of the risk. What is the correct response? *
20. Mrs. Denise Charest, 89, living in long-term care, has urge incontinence and often rushes to the toilet, risking falls. She becomes embarrassed and apologizes when accidents occur. Orders: toileting schedule, fall prevention, emotional support. Which intervention is most effective? *
21. Mr. Isaac Nguyen, 29, hospitalized after intense weightlifting, has dark “cola-coloured” urine and severe muscle pain. CK levels are extremely high. Orders: aggressive IV fluids, monitor urine output, cardiac monitoring. What is the purpose of aggressive hydration? *
22. Ms. Stéphanie Ricci, 45, has a family history of PKD and now presents with flank pain and hypertension. Imaging shows multiple kidney cysts. She says she “sometimes forgets” her BP medication. Why is BP control essential? *