Standard Precautions and Asepsis

1. In the medical unit, the LPN is taking care of eight patients with different pathologies. This morning, her priority is to administer cortisone to a 42 year old intellectually disabled patient who has severe dermatitis. She must apply the following care techniques: taking vital signs, administering medications and checking the flow of aseptic solution in order to minimize the risk of spreading infections. During treatment, one of the LPNs other patients requires immediate assistance. What are the 2 principles of hygiene and asepsis associated with hand hygiene?
1. Changing gloves in between two interventions for the same patient.
2. Disinfecting the gloves with hydro-alcoholic solution before touching the other patient.
3. Performing hand hygiene before making contact with the first patient.
4. Performing hand hygiene before touching the other patient. *

1&2

1&3

2&4

3&4

2. n the rehabilitation unit, the LPN finishes assisting Mr. Côté, who has partial paralysis, with toileting and repositioning. Before documenting care, the LPN is called urgently to help another patient who is vomiting. What must the LPN do before helping the second patient to prevent cross-contamination? *

Wipe her hands with a paper towel

Change her gloves only

Perform hand hygiene before leaving the first patient and before touching the next

Put on a gown and gloves only for the second patient

3. A patient is admitted to the medical unit for lower body and and leg paralysis following an off-road vehicle accident. The physician requests that an indwelling bladder catheter be installed “STAT” before carrying out diagnostic tests. The LPN prepares the work area according to the rules and principles of asepsis. While installing the catheter, the LPN drops a single-use packet of lubricating jelly on the floor. What principle of hygiene and asepsis should be respected when a packet of lubricating jelly in contaminated? *

Disinfecting the packet of lubricating jelly before continuing the procedure

Continue the procedure without lubricating jelly

Picking up the packet of lubricating jelly and putting on a new pair of gloves

Using another complete and sterile installation of bladder catheterization equipment

4. An LPN must install a short peripheral intravenous catheter of less than 7.5cm for a 27 year old woman who has spastic cerebral palsy and who must undergo an emergency hysterectomy because of a fibroid. The LPN begins applying an aseptic care technique. In what order should the principles of hygiene and asepsis be applied when installing an intravenous catheter? *

Performing hand hygiene, putting gloves, and disinfecting the site of insertion with swabs of 0.5% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol for a minimum of 30 seconds on a surface of 5 to 8 cm

Performing hand hygiene, putting on gloves, and disinfecting the site of insertion on a circumference of 10cm with an alcohol swab

Performing hand hygiene, disinfecting the site of insertion with swabs of 0.5% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol for a minimum of 30 seconds, and putting on gloves

Performing hand hygiene, putting on gloves, disinfecting the site of insertion on a circumference of 10cm with an alcohol swab, and putting on gloves

5. While performing morning care for Ms. Lefebvre, who has a urinary catheter, the LPN removes the patient’s soiled brief and then prepares to empty the drainage bag without changing gloves. Which action reflects proper hygiene and asepsis principles? *

Continue care since gloves are already being used

Change gloves and perform hand hygiene before emptying the drainage bag

Add a second pair of gloves to avoid contamination

Disinfect gloves with alcohol solution before continuing

6. A diabetic patient is admitted to the medical unit. According to the TNP, the LPN must clean the wound with 0.9% NaCl, perform high-pressure irrigation, and apply a sterile dressing to the LLE. Which principle of surgical asepsis was correctly applied while preparing the dressing kit? *

Gently squeezing the edge of the sterile and pulling the flap now more than 2.5cm

Pouring a solution that’s been open for 48 hours while holding the label in the palm of you hand

Adjusting the work surface so that its below waist level and then cleaning or disinfecting it

Emptying and arranging the material found in the dressing tray with non-sterile gloved hands

7. An LPN works in the short-term care unit, where a patient has been admitted for pneumonia. Antibiotic treatment is prescribed. After three days of hospitalization, the patient develops a foul smelling and mucous diarrhea. The physician suspects Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) and request additional contact precautions. Given the patient’s condition, which explanation justifies the implementation of additional precautions? *

Visits should be prohibited in order to prevent contamination of the unit and the other patients.

Care equipment should only be used on this patient so as not to contaminate the others

The door should be closed to prevent microorganisms from spreading in the unit and to the other patients

Visitors should be instructed to put on sterile gloves so as not to spread microorganisms in the unit

8. An LPN works in long-term care in a CHSLD where four beneficiaries have a flu-like syndrome (fever and cough). The physician recommends additional droplet precautions for these four beneficiaries. A reminder of routine practices is established for all other beneficiaries who do not show flu-like symptoms. Unvaccinated staff members are strong l’y encourage to get vaccinated. Given the patient’s condition, what explanation best justifies the implementation of additional precautions? *

Since the microorganisms in this environment are viable, surfaces which the beneficiaries frequently come into contact with must be cleaned and disinfected

The doors and windows of the symptomatic beneficiaries’ rooms should absolutely be closed to keep the microorganisms contained

Visitors should not be allowed at the bedside of beneficiaries with symptoms, as well as other beneficiaries in the unit, so as not to contaminate staff

Unvaccinated caregivers must be prohibited from entering the room so as not to contaminate the other beneficiaries

9. During vital signs rounds, the LPN measures blood pressure for four patients using the same electronic cuff. The next patient, Mr. Roy, has a draining wound on his arm. What should the LPN do to prevent the transmission of microorganisms? *

Continue without cleaning since the cuff looks clean

Disinfect the cuff with an approved wipe before using it on Mr. Roy

Wrap the arm with a towel before applying the cuff

Use gloves only to touch the cuff

10. While changing Mr. Dagenais’ bed, the LPN notices that the sheets are soiled with feces. She removes them carefully and carries them to the laundry bin. What infection prevention measure must be respected? *

Shake the linen to remove debris before bagging

Place soiled linen directly in a waterproof bag

Rinse the linen in the sink before disposal

Fold the linen before placing it in the bin

11. Before inserting a urinary catheter for Ms. Gauthier, the LPN finishes helping another patient to eat. She removes her gloves and immediately begins preparing the sterile equipment. What must the LPN do before starting the procedure? *

Apply hand sanitizer before putting on sterile gloves

Proceed directly since gloves were removed

Clean the patient’s perineal area first

Use new non-sterile gloves

12. After administering a subcutaneous injection of heparin to Ms. Picard, the LPN looks for a surface to recap the needle before walking to the sharps container. What is the correct infection prevention action? *

Recap the needle carefully using one hand

Dispose of the needle immediately in a puncture-resistant sharps container

Place the syringe on the tray until the end of the round

Remove the needle and keep the syringe for the next dose

13. At the beginning of her shift, the LPN assists several residents in a long-term care unit. She helps Mr. Dubois to dress, then changes Mrs. Caron’s incontinence brief, and afterwards prepares a sterile dressing change for Mr. Gagnon’s surgical wound. While cleaning her workspace, she accidentally touches Mr. Dubois’ bedside table before leaving to help another resident eat breakfast. Based on the five moments of hand hygiene, at which times should the LPN have performed hand hygiene during these tasks? *

Only before dressing Mr. Dubois and before the sterile dressing for Mr. Gagnon

Before and after contact with each resident, after exposure to body fluids, before the aseptic task, and after touching the patient’s environment

Only after removing gloves between residents and before the sterile procedure

Before beginning the shift, after finishing all care, and before the dressing change

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